Article can be downloaded in PDF format by clicking HERE.
ZS5SAM -
DMR Configuration Tutorial – TAIT EUD
(Doc Ver 1.0.1)
This document
will assist you in setting up a Tait based MMDVM repeater using the
TM81xx series mobiles or TB7100 or TB8100 analogue repeater. I
configured for the SP8NTH modem board.
I found that
DMRDelay setting had to be adjusted from 30 to 45 after last
software update so keep that in mind should you experience any RX
decoding problems.
Preparing
you Arduino Due & and uploading Modem Software
Download and
install Arduino software – http://www.arduino.cc
Make mod changes
………..
Download .zip of
latest MMDVM Modem Library - https://github.com/g4klx/MMDVM
Create folder
called MMDVM in your Arduino Library folder on your PC and extract
contents of .zip file into MMDVM folder.
Double click on
the MMDVM.ino file which will launch the Arduino application.
Click on the
Config.h
tab and uncomment :
// #define
ARDUINO_DUE_NTH as well as // #define EXTERNAL_OSC 12000000, when
using the NTH board with 12MHz external oscillator. Uncomment means
removing the two “//” from both the relevant lines.
Ensure that //
#define ARDUINO_DUE_ZUM_V10 has the // lines as is uncommented by
default.
Latest version of
Config.h files also sets parameters for wide C4FSK & RSSI.
Remember to read
the BUILD.txt file and follow instructions before compiling your
Arduino.
Note: Click on images for larger view.
Next click on
Verify (Tick icon top left above tabs) to check and compile your
sketch.
Once you see the
“Done compiling” notification click on Upload (Right Arrow Icon)
which will again compile your sketch and upload it to your Arduino
Due.
If you get an
error “unable to find Com Port” check under Tools/Serial Ports
and ensure correct Com port was selected then try and upload again.
On completion you
will get verification that upload was checked and successful.
Installing
OS onto Raspberry Pi (Using Windows OS)
Format 8 GB or
larger MicroSD as FAT32
Download latest
Raspbian Lite zip file from
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
At time of
document, Raspbian Jessie Lite was the latest version.
You can also
access the online installation guide for multiple OS platforms here,
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/README.md
Extract the .img
file, from the .zip file, into a folder on your hard drive
Launch
Win32DiskImager software (as Administrtor), select Image file
location as well as MicroSD Device location and write the image file
to your MicroSD by clicking on the “Write” button.
On completion of
the write you should get a “Write Successful” window. Click OK
then eject your MicroSD device and insert the card into your
Raspberry Pi, connect via LAN to your network and power up the
device.
Raspberry
Pi SSH Login without Monitor
Update: New
builds of Raspbian now have SSH port 22 disabled by default,
therefore you will have to enable it first by attaching a monitor and
keyboard and running # sudo raspi-config
All you need
connected to your Raspberry Pi is power and LAN connection.
DHCP is activated
by default on the Raspberry Pi, thus you will be allocated an IP
address by your router.
However keep in
mind that the next time you power it up, the router may allocate a
different IP address. Next we will scan the network to find the IP
address of the Raspberry Pi
We can find out
the IP address of the Raspberry Pi by logging into the router and
seeing what devices are connected. However an easier way would be to
use a tool such as Soft Perfect Network Scanner.
To connect via
SSH, download the free program called putty. http://www.putty.org/
Launch putty and
enter your IP address from the scanner. Putty defaults to using SSH
so no other changes should be required.
You can save the
setting for future use, however remember your IP address may change.
Click on Open. The first time you
conect to the Raspberry Pi you will see a warning dialog. This is
putty's way of making sure you trust the device you are connectiong
to. Click on Yes and the settings will be saved for next time.
You should now
have a terminal screen, and can log in using the default username of
pi and password, raspberry.
Installing
Host Software on Raspberry Pi with Raspbian Jessie Lite
Expand File
System and Change Locale
# sudo
raspi-config
Highlight option
1 (Expand File System) and tab to <Select> then Enter.
Next highlight
Internationalisation Options and set your Locale details
On completion tab
to <Finish> then press Enter.
Update/Upgrade
OS and install the git application.
# sudo apt-get
update
# sudo apt-get
upgrade
# sudo apt-get
clean
# sudo apt-get
install git screen
# cd /opt
# sudo git clone
https://github.com/g4klx/MMDVMHost.git
# sudo git clone
https://github.com/g4klx/MMDVMCal.git
Build MMDVM
Host Software
# cd
/opt/MMDVMHost
# sudo make
# sudo nano
MMDVM.ini
Here you can
customize the ini file to your needs
Build MMDVM
Calibration Tool
# cd
/opt/MMDVMCal
# sudo make
Turn off
Bluetooth on the Raspberry Pi3
The onboard
Bluetooth clashes with the Modem and needs to be deactivated with the
following command:
sudo bash -c
'echo "dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt" >> /boot/config.txt'
This adds the
dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt to the bottom of the /boot/config.txt file.
You could
alternately manually add this line to config.txt if you wish. Would
be good idea to prepend the line with a comment e.g. # Mod to turn
off Bluetooth.
Create Service
(The text in red needs to be added and saved to file)
# sudo nano
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.service
[Unit]
Description=MMDVM
Host Service
After=syslog.target
network.target
[Service]
User=root
WorkingDirectory=/opt/MMDVMHost
ExecStart=/usr/bin/screen
-S MMDVMHost -D –m /opt/MMDVMHost/MMDVMHost
/opt/MMDVMHost/MMDVM.ini
ExecStop=/usr/bin/screen
-S MMDVMHost -X quit
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# sudo chmod 755
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.service
Create a
symbolic link between your script and a special location under /etc:
# sudo ln -s
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.service
/etc/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.service
Create Timer
(The text in red needs to be added and saved to file)
# sudo nano
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.timer
[Timer]
OnStartupSec=60
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# sudo chmod 755
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.timer
Create a
symbolic link between your script and a special location under /etc:
# sudo ln -s
/lib/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.timer
/etc/systemd/system/mmdvmhost.timer
Make systemd
aware of your new service (This enables new service and activates the
60 sec timer)
# sudo systemctl
daemon-reload
# sudo systemctl
enable mmdvmhost.timer
# sudo reboot
Service should
start 60 sec after bootup.
Some more
usefull commands
Start Service
manually
# sudo systemctl
start mmdvmhost.service
Stop Service
manually
# sudo systemctl
start mmdvmhost.service
Restart
Service manually
# sudo systemctl
start mmdvmhost.service
Connect to
Screen Output
# sudo screen -r
MMDVMHost
Ctrl+a then d to
disconnect from screen and keep the service running.
Run MMDVMHost
# sudo
./MMDVMHost MMDVM.ini
Run MMDVMCal
# sudo ./MMDVMCal
/dev/ttyACM0
To update
MMDVM App
# cd
/opt/MMDVMHost
# sudo mv
MMDVM.ini /opt/MMDVM.ini (move existing MMDVM.ini file to safe place)
# sudo git pull
https://github.com/g4klx/MMDVMHost.git
# sudo make
To update
CALIBRATE app follow above but of course be in the MMDVMCal directory
and also point to MMDVMCal.git at repository.
Notes:
It is recommended
supplying the Due with 5VDC at the micro USB socket. (2B recommend
1.2A and Model 3 recommend 2.5A)
Raspberry Pi –
Commands
sudo apt-get
update
sudo apt-get
upgrade
sudo apt-get
clean (Cleans out update Cache)
sudo
rpi-update (Updates Pi Firmware)
Calibrating
your Modem
TX Calibration
For TX
Calibration, use a spectrum analyzer to observe the TX RF directly.
Launch the
MMDVCal program (# sudo ./MMDVMCal / dev/ttyACM0) and select the DMR
test 1.2kHz test tone.
Use MMDVMCal to
switch the repeater to TX and generate the DMR Cal signal. (Space bar
switches TX on/off)
While slowly
turning the TX deviation pot on the Modem board observe the sidebands
of the RF signal on the analyzer. When you have reached the correct
deviation level, you will notice that the carrier in the center of
the RF spectrum shows a clearly visible dip. This is the "Bessel
zero" where the deviation of both tone sidebands "zero out"
the carrier. Adjust the pot for maximum dip depth.
I found this null
point to equate to about 2.9kHz Deviation using the MMDVMCal 1.2kHz
test tone.
RX Calibration
Preset RX audio
from receiver to -10dB @ 1kHz (1.5kHz wide) at the Modem header (SV2)
Next use an
oscilloscope to check the incoming RX signal from the Modem board to
the ADC pin (Pin A0) of
the Arduino Due:
The Modem board
should create a 1,65V DC offset (Half 3.3V) at the ADC input. Key
your radio on a simplex channel and observe the audio on the ADC pin
overlaying the DC offset. You can use the rising edge of the
receiver’s RSSI signal for triggering the scope.
The RX pot on the
modem board must be adjusted in a way that the peak amplitude of the
audio signal neither reaches the zero or the 3.3V maximum. Keep a
margin of 0.3 to 0.4V to both limits to be safe! Take care to ensure
that the ADC input of the SAM3X is never overdriven by the audio
signal. For a fine tuning you can adjust the TX / RX settings in the
MMDVM.ini file
It is
recommended supplying the Due with 9VDC at the 2.1mm DC socket and
not relying on the 5VDC supplied via the USB port (250mA)
Notes when
using external 12MHz FCXO
The frequency of
the TCXO must be an integer multiple of 24000 and 48000
Frequencies such
as 12.0 Mhz (24000 * 500) and 14.4 Mhz ( 24000 *600) are suitable.
Frequencies such
as 10.0 Mhz (24000 * 416.666) or 20 Mhz (24000 * 833.333) are not
suitable.
This can be
configured in the Config.h file prior to the code being compiled and
loaded into the Due.
To configure the
code for your oscillator uncomment the relevent line in the Config.h
file by deleting the // characters.
e.g. #define
EXTERNAL_OSC 12500000
Next you need to
ensure that the setting OscOffset = in your MMDVM.ini file is set to
zero. This setting is only for used when calibrating the internal
oscillator and not required when using an external clock. (IC4 is not
required so simply jumper R2 & R26 with 0 Ohm resistors instead)
Also keep in mind
that the NTH Modem board caters for HCMOS TCXO type and not the
Clipped Sinewave type TCXO.
Tait
T2000 mods for DMR
Receiver (RX)
Fit a DB9
connector to rear of radio in space provided.
Pins to use
S13-1 DET-AF-OUT to
DB9 Pin 6 .166mV (-15.6dB) present
S13-11 OPTIONS
GROUND to DB9 Pin 8
S14-3 BUSY to
DB9 Pin 9 (BUSY is High + 5VDC in idle)
Transmitter
(TX)
S13-11 OPTIONS
GROUND to DB9 Pin 8
S14-6 PTT FROM
OPTO to DB9 Pin 9 (Is High +5VDC in idle)
S13-8 TX-SIG-IN to
DB9 Pin 6 .675mV (-3.5dB) present – Use 2.2uF Cap
The T2000 is not
the ideal radio to use for DMR as frequency drift causes problems.
Radio needs to be on for close on an hour before VFO is stable enough
for DMR.
Tait
TM8115 & TM8200 mods for DMR
Receiver (RX)
Under Basic
Setting – Change Squelch Detect type to “Signal Strength” –
This is NB!
Go to
Programmable I/O – Digital Tab and change as follows:
Next go to
Programmable I/O – Audio Tab and change as follows:
Save file and
program these changes back to the radio.
Transmitter
(TX)
Under PTT –
Select the External PTT (1) Tab and change as follows:
Next go to
Programmable I/O – Digital Tab and change as follows:
Next navigate to
Programmable I/O – Audio Tab and change as follows:
Note: When
inputting your frequencies remember to use 12.5kHz spacing
TM8115
Auxiliary Connector
The auxiliary
connector is an 18 way two row right angled IDC (Insulated
Displacement Connector)
On the Receiver
(RX) we will be using the following Pins
Pin 1 AUX
GP0I7 BUSY to Modem Pin 5 (Green)
Pin
6 RSSI to Modem Pin 6 (Purple)
Pin 13 AUD TAP
OUT RX Aud to Modem Pin 4 (White or Yellow)
Pin
15 AGND Ground to Modem Pin 2 (Black)
On the
Transmitter (TX) we will be using the following Pins
Pin 2 AUX
GPI05 PTT to Modem Pin 3 (Yellow)
Pin 7 AUD TAP
IN TX Aud to Modem Pin 1 (Red)
Pin
15 AGND Ground to Modem Pin 2 (Black)
TM8115
Microphone colours
Plug wired as
follows, using standard Tait remote extension cable –
Pin
1 Purple, Pin 2 Blue, Pin 3 Green, Pin 4 Yellow
Pin
5 Orange, Pin 6 Red, Pin 7 Brown, Pin 8 Black
Dipole
separation Notes - UHF
2m separation =
47dB isolation
4m separation =
59dB isolation
RJ45 – LAN –
Wiring
Tait
TB7100 Mods for DMR
Interface
Board
Ensure the
following interface board links are set as follows:
LINK POSITION NAME FUNCTION
J400 1-2 TX Key
Source External PTT Signal to Transmitter
J500 1-2 Line Out
Freq. Response Flat Response
J501 1-2 Line In
Freq. Response Flat Response
J502 1-2 TX Audio
Source External audio line to transmitter
J503 2-3 RX Audio
destination Received Audio sent to Balanced & Unbalanced outputs
J507 2-3 Line In
destination AUDIO_TAP_IN The TX audio tap in point
TB7100
Auxiliary Connector
You can connect
your modem to the following pins on the 25 pin D-Range connector.
PIN Name Type MMDVM
Position
9 RSSI Output RSSI
11 TX audio
Input Input TX
13 Ground Ground Ground
14 RX
Gate Output SQL
15 TX
Key Input PTT
24 RX audio
Output Output RX
Receiver RX
Under Basic
Setting – Change Squelch Detect type to “Signal Strength” –
This is NB!
Go to
Programmable I/O – Digital Tab and change as follows:
Now go to to
Programable I/O – Audio Tab and change as follows:
Save the file and
also program the changes to the RX side of the repeater
Transmitter
(TX)
Under PTT –
Select the External PTT (1) Tab and change as follows:
Next go to
Programmable I/O – Digital Tab and change as follows:
Next navigate to
Programmable I/O – Audio Tab and change as follows:
Note: When
inputting your frequencies remember to use 12.5kHz spacing.
Save the file and
also program the changes to the TX side of the repeater.
Tait
TB8100 Mods for DMR
Changes to be
made to the default settings of the TB8100
Launch the TB8100
Service Kit and navigate to Channel
Profile > Receiver Gating and change
as follows:
Followed by
Channel Profile > Signal Path
Line Level values
are selected to give as close to -10dBm in & outputs as possible.
In this case 0.7Vpp did the trick.
Next navigate to
Signaling Profiles > TX Timers and uncheck the Hand time checkbox.
TB8100
Auxiliary Connector
You can connect
your modem to the following pins on the 25 pin D-Range connector.
PIN Name Type MMDVM
Position
3 RX audio
output Output RX
5 TX audio
input Input TX
8 RSSI Output RSSI
9 RX
Gate Output SQL
10 TX
Key Input PTT
25 Ground Ground Ground
MMDVM.ini
file
Lines that need
to be edited are highlighted in Yellow – Critical settings are in
BOLD
[General]
Callsign=ZS0ABC //
Repeater Identifier
Timeout=300 //
TX Time out Timer
Duplex=1 // 1
for Duplex – 0 for Simplex
# ModeHang=10
RFModeHang=10
NetModeHang=3
Display=None
Daemon=0
[Info]
RXFrequency=430625000 //
RX Frequency of repeater
TXFrequency=438225000 //
TX Frequency of repeater
Power=5 //
TX Output power
Latitude=-29.550000
Longitude=30.052277
Height=156
Location=Durban
Description=Multi-Mode
Repeater
URL=www.dmr-za.net
[Log]
# Logging levels,
0=No logging
DisplayLevel=1
FileLevel=0
FilePath=.
FileRoot=MMDVM
[CW Id]
Enable=1
Time=15
[Modem]
Port=/dev/ttyACM0
#
Port=\\.\COM3
TXInvert=1
RXInvert=1
PTTInvert=0
TXDelay=60 //60
Gave best results but alter to your own needs
DMRDelay=45 //
30 works well for TM8115 & TB8100 40 for TB7100
RXLevel=50
TXLevel=90 //
90 worked for me but alter to your own needs
#
D-StarTXLevel=50
DMRTXLevel=90 //
Set same as TX Level
# YSFTXLevel=50
OscOffset=0
RSSIMultiplier=1
RSSIOffset=0
Debug=0
[D-Star]
Enable=0
Module=C
SelfOnly=0
[DMR]
Enable=1
Beacons=1
Id=6555XX //Your
ID Here
ColorCode=1
SelfOnly=0
#
Prefixes=234,235
LookupFile=DMRIds.dat
CallHang=3
TXHang=4
#Blacklist=
#DstIdBlackListSlot1RF=
#DstIdBlackListSlot2RF=
#DstIdWhiteListSlot1RF=
#DstIdWhiteListSlot2RF=
#DstIdBlackListSlot1NET=
#DstIdBlackListSlot2NET=
#DstIdWhiteListSlot1NET=
#DstIdWhiteListSlot2NET=
[System Fusion]
Enable=0
[D-Star Network]
Enable=0
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=20010
LocalPort=20011
Debug=0
[DMR Network]
Enable=1
Address=154.66.196.131
Port=62031
# Local=3350
Password=Password
Here
RSSI=0
Slot1=1
Slot2=1
Debug=0
[System Fusion
Network]
Enable=0
LocalAddress=127.0.0.1
LocalPort=3200
GwyAddress=127.0.0.1
GwyPort=4200
Debug=0
[TFT Serial]
Port=/dev/ttyAMA0
Brightness=50
[HD44780]
Rows=2
Columns=16
# For basic
HD44780 displays (4-bit connection)
# rs, strb, d0,
d1, d2, d3
Pins=11,10,0,1,2,3
# Device address
for I2C
I2CAddress=0x20
# PWM backlight
PWM=0
PWMPin=21
PWMBright=100
PWMDim=16
DisplayClock=1
UTC=0
[Nextion]
Port=/dev/ttyAMA0
Brightness=50
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